Pie rule
The pie rule, sometimes referred to as the swap rule, is a meta-rule commonly used in abstract strategy board games like Hex and Havannah. It can be stated as follows:
- After the first player makes their first move, the second player has the option of either:
- Letting the move stand, in which case they are the second player and move immediately, or
- Switching places, in which case they are now the first player, and the "new" second player now makes their "first" move. Effectively, the second player becomes the first player, and it is as if that move was theirs, and the game is now proceeding.
This rule acts as a normalisation factor in games where there may be a first-move advantage; since Hex has a proof for a first-player win, the pie rule technically gives the second player a win (depending on their choice of switching or not), but the practical result is that the first player will choose a move neither too strong nor too weak, and the second player will have to decide whether the first move advantage is worth it.
The game of Orbit uses a "refined" pie rule, which technically has the "real" pie rule as a subset; like Hex being a subset of Y, however, the "refined" pie rule complicates matters considerably.
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