St. James Infirmary Blues

It is probably of unknown, anonymous, folk origin. One of Louis Armstrong's several recordings of the song credits it to "Joe Primrose," but it is likely that Mr. Primrose was an arranger rather than an author. It seems to have also been known early on as "The Gambler's Blues," and in this form the lyrics can be traced back as far as 1899.

It is likewise hard to determine where the infirmary of the title was, although there is in fact a St. James Infirmary in San Francisco, California, and there used to be one in New Orleans, Louisiana. It would seem that the location is more likely the St. James Infirmary in New Orleans, for obvious reasons.

Like most such folksongs, there is much variation in the lyrics from one version to another. One set of lyrics goes this way:

I went down to old Joe's bar room, on the corner by the square

Well, the drinks were bein' served as usual, and this motley crowd was there

Well, on my left stood Joe McKennedy, and his eyes were bloodshot red

When he told me that sad story, these were the words he said:

I went down to the St. James infirmary, I saw my baby there

She was stretched out on a long white table, so cold, and fine, and fair.

Let her go, let her go, God bless her, wherever she may be

She can search this world over, never find another man like me

Yes, sixteen coal black horses, to pull that rubber tied hack

Well, it's seventeen miles to the graveyard, but my baby's never comin' back

Well, now you've heard my story, well, have another round of booze

And if anyone should ever, ever ask you, I've got the St. James infirmary blues!

Notable performers of this song include Cab Calloway, who can be heard singing it on the Betty Boop cartoon of Snow White; Louis Armstrong, Jack Teagarden, Billie Holliday, Janis Joplin, The Doors, The Animals, and more recently The White Stripes.

In 1981, Bob Dylan used the folk melody in Blind Willie McTell (song) about a blues singer of the same name. At the end of the lyric, we learn that the narrator is staying in the St. James hotel.