State Defense Forces
= State Defense Forces =The State Defense Forces are the official state military reserve to the United States National Guard. They are authorized, but not funded, by the federal government to act as a replacement for the National Guard in case it should be federalized.
| Table of contents |
|
2 Organization 3 Future 4 States With Defense Forces 5 See Also |
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico State GuardOrigins
Throughout most of its history until the early 1900s, the United States maintained only a minimal army and relied on state militias to supply the majority of its troops. In 1903, the National Guard was formed to incorporate the militia structure into the U.S. Army and thus place under more direct federal control. During World War II, much of the National Guard was deployed on federal duty. This led many states to organize separate militias (some building on ones that never ceased to exist) to defend their own territories and shorelines. The federal government officially condoned this act of the states in 1956 with the addition to the U.S. Code of Title 32 Section 109c.
Organization
Most states organize their State Defense Force in parallel to their National Guard force, having it report to the governor through the Adjunct General. The Force is not funding by the federal government in any way. In most states, members act on a completely volunteer basis, have to purchase any uniforms after the first, and supply their own arms (if it's an armed force at all).Future
Efforts are being made in Congress to better integrate the State Defense Forces into a larger Homeland Security strategy. This might involve enabling the Secretary of Defense to coordinate with, loan equipment to, and provide training for the State Defense Forces.States With Defense Forces
Alabama State Defense Force
Alaska State Defense Force
California State Military Reserve
Georgia State Defense Force
Indiana Guard Reserve
Maine State Guard
Maryland Defense Force
Massachusetts
Nevada
New Mexico State Defense Force
New York Guard
Ohio Military Reserve
Oregon State Defense Force
Pennsylvania State Military Reserve
South Carolina State Guard
Tennessee State Guard
Texas State Guard
Vermont State Guard
Virginia State Defense Force
Washington State Guard
